The point is, there were A LOT of things that weren't taught in nursing school. Instead, they use the 4 years to teach us "nursing theory." I cannot for the life of me define what nursing theory is to you. I felt it was a waste of each semester learning useless theories that I never applied to everyday life, but most importantly, the everyday nursing life.
Yes, to all the nursing students out there learning about nursing theory - it is useless. Don't waste too much of your time studying the useless theories. Focus on the pharmacology and pathophysiology aspects of nursing. I wish they emphasized more on the pharmacology though.
Anyways, going back to my original intention of this post. What is OAS? I mean, the first thing that popped into my head was Old Age Security. That's also very important too as we age. But medically, what is OAS?
OAS is Oral Allergy Syndrome. PFAS is Pollen Fruit Allergy Syndrome (which is also known as OAS).
I swear this is the first time I'm hearing about this and I've been in nursing for how long? Then again, I don't work in ER to find out new things that pop up everyday.
Why OAS? Why PFAS? For those with pollen allergy (such as birch trees, grass, ragweed), you will probably have heard this term thrown around, especially if you react to certain foods or fruits. Now I have pollen allergies and have had it since my teen years. Prior to that, I was fine. I don't ever recall sneezing my head off everyday either indoors or outdoors. Things sort of took a downward turn towards the end of high school when 1) I dyed my hair red 2) the colour ended up on my skin too many times that I kept having to wash it off 3) there is an active ingredient in all hair dyes that people are actually allergic to 4) I believe that's how everything started 5) that's how I got my dermatographism.
Dermatographism is the term used when someone experiences a high release of histamines in the body, resulting in large hives on the skin, but it's mainly from contact - I can draw something on my skin, and after a minute, you can see the drawing appear on my skin as a large hive. Pretty cool, but also annoying when you are changing clothes for a party/wedding, and all those hives just pop up everywhere on your back, shoulders, arms, legs. It eventually goes away. Last time it took about 45 minutes for my hives to settle down. Visually it's not appealing.
I remember getting allergy test on the arm and that was torture. That's also how I found out my allergies to pollen, grass, ragweed and dust. Thankfully not dogs or cats. But environmentally, it sucked. They prick you with all these proteins, and you have to lay still for at least 15 minutes. It felt like my arm was on fire. To think I have to go through that again...
Which leads me to OAS.
For many years, my family would sometimes buy baskets of green kiwi or get them as gifts. I hate green kiwis, but I would still eat them. Kiwis are loaded with vitamins - good for your heart, immunity, digestive tract and full of antioxidants. It is a very good fruit. But one thing I hate about it was the fact my mouth would get all tingly and burns from just that one bite of fruit.
I thought oh, maybe it's not ripe enough. We get that with mangoes and pineapples. You leave them a little bit longer, little more ripe, and boom the sweetness just takes over. Which is why I thought the tingly and burning sensations were normal. I didn't question it, I just kept eating it.
Kiwi is not something I would eat all the time. I could count on one hand the amount of times I eat kiwi in one year. So yeah, it's not very often. Which is why when we got another basket of green kiwis, I thought no big deal.
I went to work one day with an avocado, and a green kiwi as a breakfast snack, and packed my usual lunch meal. That morning I hadn't eaten anything, except for some water. By the time I had finished my morning duties, my stomach was growling. Ok, time for a snack.
I have no problems with avocados. They're also loaded with minerals and vitamins, which lowers heart disease, good for skin and eye health and are filled with monounsaturated fats. Sprinkle on a bit of salt and pepper, and boom, you got yourself some flavour. They also fill you up FAST so it helps if you're trying to do some intermittent fasting or if you don't want to stay hungry, eat an avocado.
Once I had the avocado, I felt full but not super full. Just comfortably full. I didn't give it much thought and went for the green kiwi. I felt the usual tingly and burning on the tongue and at the top of my mouth, ok no big deal. It's just the properties with the kiwi.
What didn't feel so right was about 5 minutes in, I felt this sharp stomach pain. Something I've never experienced in my life when eating kiwi or any foods. Ummm was this kiwi bad??! I took a look and didn't see any mold or any discolouring. This was a brand new batch of kiwi. The texture felt fine. Perhaps it was because I had it on a near empty stomach? That could be possible since kiwis are highly acidic.
I felt like throwing up. But nothing would come out. The pain was just intense. My coworker thought I was going to pass out and asked if I should get help, but I insisted I would be ok, it was probably just a phase. I drank some more water. But no matter what, nothing would take away this pain. It was a mix of bloating and sharp intense pain. Sitting, standing, walking, it was all the same. The tingly sensation on my tongue also remained. In total, this pain and tingly sensation lasted about 1-2 hours, until finally it started to slowly dissipate.
Damn. That was weird. Aside from the coworker, I didn't report it to anyone else. I just thought ok, maybe it's just a fluke.
Fast forward another 1-2 weeks.
I brought another green kiwi to work, along with my usual lunch meal. You must all think I'm crazy for doing this a second time. But I figured maybe it's because my stomach was nearly empty when I ate it the first time. I didn't think anything would happen a second time.
After I had my lunch meal, it's a habit of mine to go straight into fruits, whether that's grapes, cherries, mangoes you name it. I have never had any reactions. Maybe except feeling too full and you get that uncomfortable feeling of eating too much. Eventually that goes away. Aside from that, nothing like that experience above. This time, I brought my one green kiwi.
Now that my stomach was full with a meal, it shouldn't be a problem eating one kiwi. So I dig in. And again, within 5 minutes, I start feeling that same stomach pain weeks prior. The same nausea. The same mouth tingly and burning. Couldn't concentrate for the next 2 hours until the pain finally subsided.
Ok, now this is a pattern. STOP EATING GREEN KIWIS.
Soon after, I went on a Google rampage to find out if I think this is what it is. And man, I learned a lot.
For those with existing pollen allergies, your body has recognized and pinpointed those certain pollen proteins to release specific IgE antibodies which attach to immune cells, and upon contact with the proteins, they would release massive amounts of histamines. Fruits also have their own proteins. HOWEVER, certain fruits contain proteins that are very similar to the structure of pollen proteins, and the body gets confused and thinks it's pollen. So it releases a bunch of histamines to attack.
For many people, eating kiwis or pineapples, or oranges, you get this sensation in the mouth that is tingly and annoying, and sometimes painful. That's because each of these fruits contain certain active proteins that aggravate and break down the surface of our mouths. Our tongues are sensitive, so such proteins can irritate the skin of our tongues. This is why some people experience tingly or numbness in the mouth, but for some, it could progress to continued irritation, swelling of the lips/tongue/mouth, and potentially rashes and hives. This is OAS.
Once you experience the above, you really shouldn't continue eating those certain foods. We are taught that if you start experiencing anything minor such as tingly in the mouth after eating certain foods, you should stop. The more exposure you have to those foods, the more it primes your body to react systemically, which could lead to anaphylaxis.
I've also learned that if you're allergic or have sensitivity to latex, they have something called Latex Fruit Syndrome. WHAT? It's pretty much like a cross reactivity.
In the past when working various units, they used latex gloves, some of them were powdered. I don't see them as much anymore but when we did use latex gloves, my hands would break out into rashes, especially with the powdered ones. I was lucky to find boxes of Nitrile gloves, which are more expensive but they also felt better and I didn't break out in them. Since then, I avoided latex like the plague.
With latex fruit syndrome, the body can also confuse kiwi with rubber latex. I know, it's strange right? This syndrome is highly associated with systemic or abdominal reactions versus just only oral reactions (OAS).
Lastly, green kiwi contains a very specific heat stable protein and an enzyme called actinidin. There is a specific blood work that breaks down all the proteins in kiwi, and if your antibodies react to them, it means a true food allergy.
I've also read that gold kiwi is actually much better. They're more expensive, but they also don't contain as much actinidin as green kiwis. There's a study which showed half of those allergic to green kiwis don't have reactions to gold kiwi. I have also eaten gold kiwi, which I don't get the same mouth tingly or stomach pain as green kiwis. Given the uncertainty though, I stopped eating both for now.
So where do I stand regarding the above? I have no idea yet. I'll be seeing an allergist soon to determine the severity of this potential allergy.
If an allergy has progressed from one place (the mouth) to another (gastrointestinal), that's not a good thing, even in the absence of hives/rashes. When allergies go from one place to another, the body is now 'primed' and with the next potential exposure, it could lead to more systemic responses. I gave it some thought whether or not I should try it a third time since I'm in the hospital but I decided against it since it would be stupid of me to use the ER and waste resources if something bad did happen. Given the degradation of our ER departments, I'll probably have a higher chance of dying there. I have basically primed my body to the proteins of green kiwi, so the next ingestion I do, the body will release histamines everywhere and I can't guarantee if that's going to affect my airway or not. And I rather not find out without an Epi-Pen beside me.
It is also possible that it could take years for the body to build up antibodies against certain foods or fruits, which can go from very minor symptoms to mild and serious ones. The longer you wait in between eating certain foods, it gives the body time to 'reset' itself and 're-prime' for the next exposure.
It sucks because my favourite cake is that Chinese fruit cake from T&T. And of course they have kiwis on it. Unless I tell them to remove it, but for now, I just have to stay away from any kiwi until this allergy test is done and I get the final conclusion to this lovely mystery.
For those who have pollen allergies, this is just something to keep in mind. It doesn't guarantee that you WILL react to any/every fruit out there. But if you wonder why you get tingly while eating certain fruits, it's a possibility that your body is mistaking fruit proteins for pollen proteins. This is considered OAS. There's a risk that the more exposure you have to those certain food/fruit proteins, it could escalate to something more systemic. And once the symptoms reach 2 or more systems, there's a possibility it could escalate to anaphylaxis with more exposures.
I'm no expert at this, as I'm still learning this journey, but please consult your physician or allergist for professional feedback if you are experiencing any potential food allergies.